Everything about Serological totally explained
Serology is the scientific study of
blood serum. In practice, the term usually refers to the
diagnostic identification of
antibodies in the serum. Such antibodies are typically formed in response to an infection (against a given
microorganism), against other foreign proteins (in response, for example, to a mismatched
blood transfusion), or to one's own proteins (in instances of
autoimmune disease).
Serological tests may be performed for diagnostic purposes when an
infection is suspected, in rheumatic illnesses, and in many other situations, such as checking an individual's
blood type.
Serology blood tests help to diagnose patients with certain immune deficiencies associated with the lack of
antibodies, such as
X-linked agammaglobulinemia. In such cases, tests for antibodies will be consistently negative.
There are several serology techniques that can be used depending on the antibodies being studied. These include
agglutination,
precipitation,
complement-fixation and
fluorescent antibodies.
Some serological tests are not limited to blood serum, but can also be performed on other bodily fluids such as
semen and
saliva, which have (roughly) similar properties to serum.
Serological tests may also be used
forensically, generally to link a perpetrator to a piece of evidence (for example, linking a rapist to a semen sample).
Further Information
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